All the people of England were the members of the Christian church in one way or another. Pope in Rome was regarded as the head of the church. Later, during the reformation, people were divided and there evolved two groups, namely, the Catholics and the Protestants. When the Catholics were loyal to the Pope, the …
Author archives: literaturenhumanities
Difference between a First Language and a Second Language
A first language is the mother tongue or a native language of a person and it always is natural (learning). The First language develops by itself as an inborn instinct. It also develops through the exposure a child gets from his/her kins. It comes as an inheritance or a legacy and also as a birthright. …
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Abbreviations on Language Teaching
Following are the abbreviations in relation to teaching English Certification Courses and Exams. AAAL- American Association for Applied Linguistics ACTFL – American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages AE – American English ARELS – Association of Recognised English Language Services BAAL – British Association of Applied Linguistics BASELT – British Association of State English …
The Old and the New Diaspora
An ‘ideal’ type of ‗Diaspora‘ refers to the exile of the Jews. The African experience of ‘slavery’ under the colonial rule had also created equally tormenting circumstances to those ‘slaves’. Soon after the abolition of slavery, a new system emerged that created a large amount of migrants to most of the British colonies. Ashcroft, Griffiths …
English Language
English language came in to many countries during the time of British rule. It is universally used for economic reasons. There are certain features lying outside the language which helped become English, an international language. One major reason is its wider vocabulary, borrowed from many other languages. And the other reason is by making itself …
Susan Sontag’s Essay “Against Interpretation”
Susan Sontag is an avante-guarde writer (who discards conventions) who belongs to the American school of criticism. She has written novels like The Benefactor (1964) and Death Kit (1968) . “Notes on Camp”, an essay was first published in 1964, and was republished in 1966 in her collection of essays, Against Interpretation. Susan Sontag in …
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Dr Vinay Lal’s Concepts of the Indian Diaspora
Dr. Vinay Lal, an Indian born US settled Associate Professor of History at the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA) has published articles on the aspects of diaspora and about the migrants of India. He has created an official website where he portrays the cultures, religions, landscape and so on about India, dedicating a special …
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The Three Waves of The Indian Diaspora
The Indian Diaspora: Historical and Contemporary Context (2009) edited by Laxmi Narayan Kadekar, Ajaya Kumar Sahoo and Gauri Bhattachariya have made a statistical research on the percentage, reasons, and different aspects of diaspora in India. The book focuses on the international migration and has divided the book into parts containing various essays namely: old Indian …
Robin Cohen’s Views on Diaspora
Robin Cohen, born in South Africa is a social scientist, an Emeritus Professor in the fields of globalisation, migration and diaspora studies and a former Director of the International Migration Institute, University of Oxford. He has published several books and essays emphasising on the various categories of diaspora, into which each country falls under accordingly. …
William Safran and Rogers Brubaker’s Views on Diaspora
Many researchers have set out various factors and rules to define diaspora and migration in accordance with their arguments and discussions put forth by them. William Safran characterises six sets of rules to distinguish diaspora from migrant communities. They include a few views that the group maintains a myth or a collecting memory of homeland; …
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